Psychology of Dreams Essay -- Dreaming Psychological Freud Essays

Psychology of Dreams To many people, dreams argon the thoughts that occur while sleeping, having almost mystic qualities. For millennia the significance of dreams has escaped even the brightest of philosophers and intellectuals. Many people have speculated about why people dream and what meanings the dreams have but in recent times two theories have gained credibility in answering those questions. The first possible action is Sigmund Freuds and the other is known as the cognitive theory of dreams also known as biological determinism.Freud presented his theory about dreams in the book The Interpretation of Dreams in 1899. In it he sets out to prove there is a psychological technique which makes it possible to interpret dreams and that interpretation has a significant meaning to vigilant life (Freud 35). Freuds theory not a new theory Joseph interprets Pharaohs dream in Genesis 41 of the Bible. Though even in the Bible dreams are given a mysterious quality, Freud states that logical thought can identify both obvious and hidden meaning in dreams. To interpret the dreams, the subject must be three things comfortable, relaxed, and open-minded. To relax and be comfortable the subject should lie down and close his or her eyes. Closing the eyes also helps increase tightfistedness on thoughts. Next, the subject must say everything that comes to mind and not reject sure thoughts because they may seem unimportant. Freud calls this process free association because by having thoughts see thoughts, associations can be seen between two seemingly unrelated subjects (Freud 133-134).Once the patient is ready to talk about the dream the person analyzing the dream asks certain questions to get more information about the dream, a techni... ....purdue.edu/guidetotheory/psychoanalysis/freud3.html.Fish, Dr. Tom. Freud Essay. 30 July 1999. Cumberland College. Last viewed on 11 Nov. 2004 http//cc.cumberlandcollege.edu/acad/english/litcritweb/theory/freud.htm.Freud, Sigmund. The Interpretation of Dreams. Trans. James Strachey. natural York HarperCollins 1998.Holy Bible The NIV Study Bible. Grand Rapids Zondervan, 1995. Miller, Robert M. Sleep. Last viewed on 16 Nov. 2004 http//serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro98/202s98-paper1/Miller.html.Phillips, John. Dream Work. 14 Sept. 2001. Last viewed on 16 Nov. 2004 http//courses.nus.edu.sg/course/elljwp/dreamwork.htm.What Dreams Are make Of Page 2. Last viewed on 14 Nov. 2004 http//www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5569244/site/newsweek/.What Dreams Are Made Of Page 3. Last viewed on 14 Nov. 2004 http//www.msnbc.msn.com/id/5569245/site/newsweek/.

The Importance Of The Press Essay -- essays research papers fc

The Importance of the PressThe newspaper is a powerful medium. It is powerful because it has theability to influence the way that people view the world, as soundly as theiropinion of what they see. In peaceful times (or in times of op charge upion, forsometimes they can appear to be happening at the same moment) the press isusually one of the instruments used by the state in order to maintain the statusquo. However, during times of political unrest it is often the press whobecomes the major(ip) antagonist in the fight against the government.Why is this so? Why does the press get so deeply involved in, not justthe reporting of, precisely the instigating and propagating of political change? Inorder to properly answer this question there argon several other key ideas andquestions which must first be examined. To understand the nature of the pressinvolvement in political change, one must initially understand the nature ofpolitical change in its own right. In this vein, the first secti on of the paperis dedicated to this investigation. An examination of the motives behindrevolution leave alone be given in order to provide a fashion model for the second part ofthe paper, which will look at the involvement of the press during revolutionarytimes in more specific terms. The French revolution of 1789 will be used as abackdrop for this inquiry.There are many various types of political movements, and accordinglythere are many different reasons for these movements to occur. Value-orientedand norm-oriented movements deal with matters of social and political concern,but do so in the setting of the already existing political and social structures.Revolutionary movements seek to grow fundamental changes to society in order toestablish a completely new political and social order.1 The distinction beingthat the first aims to make deadly changes to society from within, while thelatters aim is to make drastic changes to society by getting rid of theprinciples that society wa s based on.Usually this will involve a change in political beliefs and values, orpolitical ideology. In todays world there are numerous forms of politicalideologies, but in essence they are all derived from two basic root ideologiessocialism and liberalism. Socialism is an ideology w... ... Prelude to Power, The Parisian radical Press 1789-1791,Maryland the Johns Hopkins University Press, 1976The Influence of the Enlightenment on the French revolution, edited by William F.Church, Canada D.C. Heath and Company, 1974Darton, Robert and Daniel Roche, Revolution in Print The Press in France 1775-1800, USA New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox & Tilden Foundations, 1989Guy, James John, People, Politics & Government, Toronto maxwell MacmillanCanada Inc., 1990.Osler, Andrew. News, The Evolution of Journalism in Canada. Missisauga CoppClark Pitman Ltd., 1993.Popkin, Jeremy D. Revolutionary News, The Press in France 1789-1799. USA DukeUniversity Press, 1990.Footnotes 1James John Guy, People, Politics and Government, (Toronto, 1990),p. 103. 2 Ibid., p. 81 3 Gustave Le Bon, The psychological science of revolution, (USA,1968), pp. 162-3 4Ibid., p. 28. 5Andrew M. Osler, News, The Evolution ofJournalism in Canada, (Canada, 1993), p. 54. 6Jeremy D. Popkin, RevolutionaryNews The Press in France, 1789-1799, (USA, 1990), pp. 19-20. 7Ibid., p. 22-3.8Ibid., p.25. 9Ibid., p. 26. 10Ibid., p.28. 11Ibid., p. 2. 12Ibid., p. 3.13Ibid., p. 3. 14Osler, p. 54.t